PROGRAMMING BASICS WITH CODING NINJAA

Loops in C language: What are loops? Loops are used for performing a task again and again in other words loops are used for checking number of iterations performed. There are 3 main types of loops in c language. for loop while loop do while loop We are going to do for loop in this article with some couple of problems. For executing a loop there are mostly three main steps Initialization Condition Increment or Decrement operator. 1. Initialization: It provides the starting value to the variable to start the loop or the value from where the loop should be started. 2. Condition: It is used for checking the condition if the condition is true than the process is executed until the condition becomes false. 3.Increment or Decrement Operator: It is used for incrementing or decrementing the value variable each time after the loop is executed (i++) -  Increases the value of variable by 1. (i+=1) -  Increases the value of variable by 1. (i=i+1) - 

NESTED if STATEMENTS: In simple words an if statement inside another if statement is called Nested if statement. Syntax: if(condition 1) { if(condition 2) {code if condition 1 and 2 both are satisfied;} } Example Code: Write a program to find whether the number entered by the user lies in a particular range. Ans: #include<stdio.h> #include<conio.h> void main() { int n; getch(); printf("\n enter the number "); scanf("%d",&n); if(a>0) { if(a<18) { printf("\n the entered number is in the given range"); } else {  printf("\n the entered number is not in the given range"); } } else { printf("\n the number is not in the given range); } getch(); } The above code is written in code blocks Output: enter the number 17 the entered number is in the given range Explanation of the above Code: In the above code we have declared an variable of data type integ

Conditional Statements: What are conditional Statements: Ans. Conditional statements are those statements which are used to check whether a particular condition is true or t is false and if it is true the task given to it gets executed. Types of conditional statements: There 3 types of conditional statements if statement else if statement else statement They all work together to give the desired output. Syntax: if(condition here) {code to be written here;} Note: The condition which needs to be checked should be written inside the round brackets. Code which needs to be executed if the condition is true is written inside curly braces. Semicolon will come only inside curly braces and not after condition. 1. if statement: It is the main statement and it is a standalone statement i.e it doesn't require any other conditional statement for its existence. Syntax: if(condition) {Code to be written here;} If the condition in the

Basic Coding Questions: Exercise 1: Q1. Write a programme to calculate area and perimeter of rectangle by accepting its length and breadth. Ans: #include<stdio.h> #include<conio.h> void main() { float a,p,l,b; clrscr(); printf("\n enter the length and breadth of rectangle"); scanf("%f%f",&l,&b); a=l*b; p=2*(l+b); printf("\n the area of rectangle is %f and the perimeter is %f",a,p); getch(); } The above image code is written in code blocks Output: enter the length and breadth of rectangle 20(press enter) 10 (press enter) the area of rectangle is 200 and the perimeter is 60 Explanation of the above code: Declaring of variables in data type float since length and breadth cannot always be integers. Taking input of length and breadth together by using scanf function. Substituting the values of length and breadth stored in l and b

C PROGRAMMING BASICS: 1. Introduction to C language: C language was invented in Bell Labs by Dennis Ritchie between 1972-73. C language is a case sensitive language i.e the input given to it varies according to upper and lower case letters. It is executed using binary form data such as (0,1). By using binary data the speed of executing a code increases. 1.1 Header Files: Header files are those files which contain some predefined functions in it which we are going to use in our code. Every header file is accessed by appending an extension ".h". Example:               #include<stdio.h>                                 ↓                    ⇡          Tells computer to                  header file  with           include the header                 extension .h          file                                     T here are many header files for different functions such as the following:          <conio.h> <math.h> <string.h